Rhymes à la Mode

Introduction

The term "rhymes à la mode" (French for "rhymes in fashion") emerged in the late 19th century to describe a distinctive trend within Victorian poetry. It wasn't a formally organized movement, but rather a recognizable style characterized by its playful experimentation with rhyme schemes, subject matter, and often, a deliberately ornate and humorous tone.

While the Victorian era was known for its serious and often morally didactic poetry, "rhymes à la mode" represented a reaction against some of these conventions. It embraced lighter themes, a more conversational style, and a conscious effort to appear fashionable and modern, reflecting the rapid social and technological changes of the period.

Key Characteristics

Several defining characteristics distinguished "rhymes à la mode":

• Playful Rhyme Schemes: Rather than adhering strictly to traditional ballad forms, poets employed irregular rhyme schemes, often incorporating internal rhymes and assonance to create a musical and whimsical effect.
• Light Subject Matter: Poems frequently dealt with everyday life, social customs, and urban experiences – topics often avoided by more serious Victorian verse.
• Humorous Tone: A significant element was the use of wit, satire, and wordplay. The aim was not always earnestness, but rather amusement.
• Conversational Language: The style aimed for a more accessible and direct manner of speaking, reflecting the influence of popular literature and journalism.

Notable Poets and Works

Several poets contributed to the "rhymes à la mode" trend. Notable figures include:

• Miles Gerard Cousin: Considered one of the key proponents of the style, Cousin's poems, like "The Railway Carriage," exemplify the movement's playful use of rhyme and subject matter.
• William Michael Morton: Morton's works showcased a similar blend of wit and accessible language.
• Elizabeth Robins Pennell: Pennell's poems often explored themes of urban life and domesticity with a distinctly humorous perspective.

Context and Influences

The rise of "rhymes à la mode" can be linked to several factors:

• Urbanization: The rapid growth of cities and the associated social changes provided fertile ground for the movement's focus on urban experiences.
• Popular Literature: The increasing popularity of novels and humorous sketches influenced the style's emphasis on accessibility and lightheartedness.
• Technological Advancements: The railway, the telegraph, and other inventions transformed travel and communication, contributing to a sense of modernity and change.

Legacy and Adaptations

Although "rhymes à la mode" faded in prominence, its influence can still be detected in later poetry. Its emphasis on accessible language, playful experimentation, and engagement with contemporary themes resonated with subsequent generations of poets. The trend also prompted a broader shift within Victorian poetry towards greater experimentation and a willingness to challenge traditional conventions.

Conclusion

“Rhymes à la mode” represents a fascinating and often overlooked chapter in the history of Victorian verse. It highlights the dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation, and the ways in which poets responded to the challenges and opportunities of their time. The movement’s legacy continues to inspire poets to embrace experimentation and find fresh voices within the realm of verse.